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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образовательная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Educational Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-838X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0987</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2078-838X-2023-2-45-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edpolicy-20</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ЧЕЛОВЕКА: НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ. Социология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HUMAN POTENTIAL: NEW HORIZONS. Sociology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Человеческий  потенциал»: оптика социологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>«Human potential»: optics of sociology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3910-2090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Сергеевич Сорокин - к. соц. н., доцент, заведующий лабораторией, ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт образования, Центр развития навыков и профессионального образования, Лаборатория исследований человеческого потенциала и образования, Департамент образовательных программ, НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>101000, Москва, Потаповский пер., 16</p><p>ResearcherID: H-1885-2015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel S. Sorokin - Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Laboratory, Leading Researcher, Institute of Education, Center for Skills Development and Vocational Education, Laboratory for Human Potential and Education Research, Department of Educational Programs, HSE</p><p>101000, Moscow, Potapovsky Lane, 16</p><p>ResearcherID: H-1885–2015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">psorokin@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднухова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnukhova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Позднухова - Выпускница программы «Доказательное развитие образование», Институт образования, НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>101000, Москва, Потаповский пер., 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Pozdnukhova - Graduate of the program «Evidence-based development education», Institute of Education, HSE</p><p>101000, Moscow, Potapovsky lane, 16</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИУ ВШЭ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокин П.С., Позднухова Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокин П.С., Позднухова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokin P.S., Pozdnukhova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/20">https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/20</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья предлагает обзор и интерпретацию с социологических позиций тех дискуссий, которые ведутся вокруг понятия «человеческого потенциала» в современной науке. Отмечается, что постепенное распространение в научной литературе понятия «человеческого потенциала» (в дополнение к более традиционному термину «человеческого капитала») отвечает на необходимость поиска новых концептуальных моделей, описывающих и объясняющих процессы социально-экономического развития и роль в них человека. На основе библиометрического анализа мы анализируем и обобщаем современные дискуссии с учетом таких аспектов, как содержание, механизмы и эффекты человеческого потенциала. Согласно предлагаемому в настоящей работе подходу, опирающемуся на современные социологические дискуссии о «структуре-действии» («structure-agency»), «человеческий потенциал» включает все характеристики, которые ранее рассматривались как компоненты «человеческого капитала», но ими не ограничивается. В дополнение понятие «человеческий потенциал» вбирает в себя и другие «стратегические активы» человека, которые, во-первых, не являются «капиталом», ценным на рынке труда, сегодня, но могут стать им завтра (например, с изменением спроса), во-вторых, важны не только для производства, но и для потребления (например, так называемого креативного потребления, которое становится все более важным видом экономической активности), а в-третьих, позволяют не только реагировать на существующие институциональные условия, подстраиваясь под них, но и проактивно сознательно менять среду, в том числе создавая новые рынки и ниши для приложения своих умений. Дополняя традиционные для экономической науки модели, а также опираясь на разработки социологов и психологов, проведенный анализ показывает важность углубленного понимания того, какова роль самого индивида, а не только структурных условий, в социально-экономическом развитии в современную эпоху.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This research offers an overview and interpretation from the sociological standpoint of the discussions around the concept of «human potential» in contemporary science. It is noted that the gradual spread in the scientiﬁc literature of the concept of «human potential» (in addition to the more traditional term «human capital») responds to the need to search for new conceptual models describing and explaining the processes of socio-economic development including the role of a human being. Based on bibliometric analysis, we analyze and summarize contemporary discussions taking into account such aspects as the content, mechanisms and effects of human potential. According to the approach proposed in this article, based on current sociological discussions about the «structure-agency» problem, «human potential» includes all the characteristics that were previously considered as components of «human capital», but is not limited to them. In addition, the concept of «human potential» includes other «strategic assets» of a person, which ﬁrstly, are not «capital», valuable in the labor market today, but may become it tomorrow (for example, with a change in demand), and secondly, are important not only for production, but also for consumption (for example, the so-called creative consumption, which is becoming an increasingly important type of economic activity), thirdly, allow not only to respond to existing institutional conditions, adapting to them, but also to proactively change the environment, including by creating new markets and niches for the application of their skills. Complementing the models traditional for economic science, as well as relying on the recent elaborations by sociologists and psychologists, the analysis shows the importance of an in-depth understanding of the role of the individual himself, and not just structural conditions, in socioeconomic development in the contemporary world.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>человеческий потенциал</kwd><kwd>человеческий капитал</kwd><kwd>факторы развития человеческого потенциала</kwd><kwd>механизмы работы человеческого потенциала</kwd><kwd>эффекты человеческого потенциала</kwd><kwd>полидисциплинарные дискуссии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human potential</kwd><kwd>human capital</kwd><kwd>factors of human potential development</kwd><kwd>mechanisms of human potential</kwd><kwd>effects of human potential</kwd><kwd>polidisciplinary discussions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Асмолов А. 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