edpolicyОбразовательная политикаEducational Policy2078-838X2949-0987Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС10.22394/2078-838X-2021-1-100-111edpolicy-240Research ArticleСтатьиСЕЛЬСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ В КИТАЕ: курс на расширение возможностейRURAL EDUCATION IN CHINA: course to extension of educational opportunitiesКузнецоваВалентина Вильевна

к. и. н., доцент кафедры мировой экономики и управления внешнеэкономической деятельностью факультета государственного управления (ФГУ)МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова 

МашкинаОльга Анатольевна

к. пед. н., доцент кафедры китайской филологии Института стран Азии и Африки (ИСАА) МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова 

МГУ имени М. В. ЛомоносоваRussian FederationМГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова Russian Federation20212007202601100111Copyright © Кузнецова В.В., Машкина О.А., 20262026Кузнецова В.В., Машкина О.А.Кузнецова В.В., Машкина О.А.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/240

В современном Китае образовательная политика тесно связана со стратегией роста благосостояния населения и создания более справедливой системы распределения социальных благ и ресурсов. Анализ образовательной ситуации в стране показывает, что из-за недостаточной финансово-материальной и кадровой обеспеченности сельских школ качество обучения в городе и деревне разделяет пропасть.На протяжении последних 20 лет китайское правительство принимает меры, способствующие улучшению условий обучения в сельской местности, но они пока не привели к ожидаемым результатам. Причин тому много, включая китайскую традиционную парадигму обучения, заточеннуюглавным образом на подготовку школьников к экзаменам и мало связанную с практическим применением знаний. Низкое качество обучения на ступени обязательного образования ставит сельских школьников в невыгодное по сравнению с городскими ровесниками положение.В статье рассмотрены основные мероприятия китайского правительства по развитию системы обязательного образования в сельской местности, а также достижения и сохраняющиеся нерешенные проблемы, препятствующие обеспечению всех молодых граждан страны равным доступом к качественному образованию

The Chinese leadership modifies many political educationalmeasures in the 2010-s. The article reviews the Chinese government’s main measures aimed at improving the schooling quality in rural areas, preventing the early dropout of children from poor families and expanding support programs for such students. The article shows how the provisions of the national policy to mitigate educational inequality between rural and urban schools are implemented at the local level. An analysis of the programs implemented by the Chinese government and empirical researchdata shows that despite the huge efforts made to improve thequality of compulsory education, many problems and imbalancesin the rural education system cannot be yet overcome.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.