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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образовательная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Educational Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-838X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0987</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2078-838X-2021-2-48-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edpolicy-245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИАЛОГ С КЛАССИКОЙ Нравственное развитие личности ребенка в зеркале культуры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DIALOGUE WITH THE CLASSICS Moral development of the child's personality in the mirror of culture</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тендрякова</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. и. н., старший научный сотрудник Института этнологии и антропологии РАН, доцент учебно-научного центра социальнойантропологии РГГУ, научный сотрудник Школы Антропологии Будущего ИОН РАНХиГС</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт этнологии и антропологии РАН&#13;
РГГУ&#13;
РАНХиГС</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тендрякова М.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тендрякова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Тендрякова М.В.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/245">https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/245</self-uri><abstract><p>Нравственность — тема, которая обычно отдается на откуп художественной литературе и религии и значительно реже становится предметом научных исследований. В предлагаемой статье рассматриваются классические подходы Ж. Пиаже и Л. Кольберга к пониманию нравственного развития представления А. Н. Леонтьева о борьбе мотивов и самостроении личности. Особенности освоения ребенком норм и правил рассматриваются не только в рамках психологии личности, но и в историко-культурной перспективе. Неконвенциональность усваиваемых детьми норм может иметь отношение к ряду социокультурных феноменов, в том числе к появлению детей-обвинителей и детских доносов. Поднимается вопрос о том, чтокультуры и социальные системы отличаются не только пониманием «добра» и «зла», но и тем, что создают предпосылки для различных нравственныхмодусов — стратегий выбора и принятия решений в различных жизненных ситуациях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Morality is a topic that is usually left at the mercy of fiction andreligion. It becomes the subject of scientific research much lessoften than other psychological problems. This article revisits theclassical approaches of Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg regarding the child’s moral development, as well as Aleksei Leontyev’s idea about the competition of motives and self-construction of the personality as the origins of the moral. The features of the child's mastering of norms and rules are considered not only as a psychological problem, but also in the historical and cultural contexts. The non-conventionality of the child’s norms can be related to socio-cultural phenomena such as child accusers and child's denunciations. This article points out that cultures and social systems differ not only in their understanding of what is"good" and what is "evil", but also in the fact that they create the preconditions for various moral modes, such as strategies of choice and decision-making in various life situations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Моральные суждения</kwd><kwd>нравственное развитие ребенка</kwd><kwd>«объективная мораль»</kwd><kwd>самостроение личности</kwd><kwd>преконвенциональная нравственность</kwd><kwd>конвенциональная нравственность</kwd><kwd>постконвенциональная нравственность</kwd><kwd>сорадование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>moral judgments</kwd><kwd>moral development of the child</kwd><kwd>"objective morality"</kwd><kwd>self-construction of the individual</kwd><kwd>preconventional morality</kwd><kwd>conventional morality</kwd><kwd>postconventional morality</kwd><kwd>co-enjoyment.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абраменкова, В. 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