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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образовательная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Educational Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-838X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0987</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2078-838X-2024-1-26-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edpolicy-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОВОРОТ. САМОСОЗНАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANTHROPOLOGICAL TURN. SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Человек есть существо далекого»: обратная временная перспектива в автобиографической памяти</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The human is the creature of distant: on reverse temporal perspective in autobiographical memory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3117-3081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуркова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nourkova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вероника Валерьевна НУРКОВА, д. псих. н., профессор РАН, ведущий научный сотрудник Школы антропологии будущего</p><p>119606, Москва, пр. Вернадского, д. 84</p><p>Scopus ID: 7801671712</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika V. NOURKOVA, Ph.D. in Psychology, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, leading researcher at the School of Anthropology</p><p>84, Vernadskogo Ave., 119606, Moscow</p><p>Scopus ID: 7801671712</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nourkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИОН РАНХиГС при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нуркова В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нуркова В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nourkova V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/28">https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/28</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье раскрывается принцип обратной перспективы автобиографической памяти в качестве опорной метафоры для анализа потенциала образов личного прошлого и будущего в наделении смыслом неопределенности настоящего и побуждения масштабированной суперпродолжительными временными периодами деятельности. Дается краткий обзор конструкта временной перспективы (ВП) в психологии. Исходя из функционала ВП в бытии личности формулируется перечень ее оптимальных качеств. Указывается, что фундаментальный закон деградации феноменологии воспоминаний, описываемый «кривой забывания», реализует принцип прямой перспективы и выступает когнитивным препятствием для оптимизации ВП. Однако знаковая природа перспективы как вариативного культурного метода конструирования отношения к пространственной и временной дистанции допускает возможность не только прямого, но и обратного режима. Автобиографическая память реализует принцип обратной перспективы в форме наращивания перцептивной интенсивности образов прошлого и будущего по мере увеличения личностного смысла и временной дистанции событий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article explores the concept of reverse time perspective in autobiographical memory, presenting it as a metaphor to analyze how individuals’ past and future can provide meaning to the present’s uncertainties and motivate life-scale activities. Initially, the psychological concept of time perspective (TP) is reviewed, highlighting its essential functions and optimal qualities. The fundamental law of forgetting, which implies a gradual fading of memory details over time, is identified as the primary challenge to optimal TP. The classic forgetting curve reflects the straight perspective principle regarding memory functioning. However, the sign nature of TP as a method of cultural interpretations of space and time distance allows for the possibility of employing it not only in straight, but also in reverse manner. Autobiographical memory implements the principle of reverse perspective where perceptual intensity for past and future events increases with their personal significance and temporal distance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автобиографическая память</kwd><kwd>временная перспектива</kwd><kwd>закон забывания</kwd><kwd>прямая и обратная изобразительная перспектива</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autobiographical memory</kwd><kwd>time perspective</kwd><kwd>forgetting law</kwd><kwd>straight and reverse perspective</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абульханова, К. А., Березина, Т. Н. (2001). Время личности и время жизни. 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