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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">edpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образовательная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Educational Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-838X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-0987</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">edpolicy-38</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>GLOBAL. Оптика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GLOBAL. Optics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ценности — «слова-амебы»: символическое воздействие на примере образовательной политики Азербайджана в эпоху постсоветского перехода</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Values as ‘Amoeba Words’. The Symbolic Impact of Educational Policy of Azerbaijani during the Post-Soviet Period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6211-5486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илюшин</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyushin</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Витальевич Илюшин – аспирант</p><p>105062, Потаповский пер., 16с10, Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman V. Ilyushin - PhD Student</p><p>16/10, Potapovsky lane, Moscow, 105062 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rvilyushin@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт образования НИУ ВШЭ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Education, NRU HSE</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Илюшин Р.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Илюшин Р.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyushin R.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/38">https://edpolicy.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/38</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются формируемые ценности на примере трансформации школьной образовательной политики Азербайджана в постсоветский период (1991–2011 гг.). Исходя из критики Иваном Илличем чрезмерно расплывчатых понятий, анализируется, как ценности, заявляемые в нормативных актах, учебных планах и учебниках, зачастую не обеспечены четкими определениями, операционализацией и измеряемыми образовательными результатами. Теоретическая рамка исследования опирается на концепцию смыслопроизводства Карла Вейка, позволяющую проследить, как формируемые идентичности и ценности объясняются через образовательные дискурсы в диахронической перспективе. Методологически работа основана на качественном контент-анализе 11 нормативных и учебных документов, переведенных с азербайджанского языка. В ходе анализа были выявлены ключевые ценностные кластеры: патриотизм, национальная гордость, уважение к культурному разнообразию, демократии и правам человека. Однако практически все документы демонстрируют отсутствие конкретных поведенческих моделей, контекстов реализации ценностей и средств оценки успешности их формирования. Ограничения исследования связаны с недоступностью ряда нормативных актов, а также с тем, что анализ охватывает исключительно декларативный уровень политики без изучения практик реализации. Подчеркивается, что без операционализации ценности рискуют утратить педагогическую значимость, превращаясь в «слова-амебы» — чрезмерно универсальные, расплывчатые и нефункциональные конструкции, лишенные эмпирической и управленческой применимости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article explores the formation of values in Azerbaijani school education policy during the post-Soviet period (1991–2011). Drawing on Ivan Illich’s critique of vague concepts, the study examines how values declared in legal documents, curricula, and textbooks often lack precise definitions, operationalization, and measurable educational outcomes. The theoretical framework is based on Karl Weick’s sensemaking approach, which allows for an understanding of how educational discourses rationalize student identities and values over time. Methodologically, the research is grounded in qualitative content analysis of 11 normative and instructional sources translated from Azerbaijani. The analysis reveals dominant value clusters — patriotism, national pride, respect for cultural diversity, democracy, and human rights. However, these are largely presented without corresponding behavioral guidelines, implementation contexts, or assessment mechanisms. A key limitation of the study is its exclusive focus on declarative policy documents, without investigating how values are interpreted or enacted by teachers. Furthermore, the unavailability of some official materials from the early post-Soviet period restricts the depth of historical comparison. The paper concludes that without clearer structuring, explanation, and assessment criteria, values remain abstract and ambiguous — becoming “amoeba words”: overly general, context-independent, and ultimately ineffective for guiding educational practice or policy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>духовные ценности</kwd><kwd>нравственные ценности</kwd><kwd>постсоветская трансформация</kwd><kwd>патриотическое воспитание</kwd><kwd>школьное образование</kwd><kwd>Азербайджан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spiritual values</kwd><kwd>moral values</kwd><kwd>post-Soviet transformation</kwd><kwd>patriotic education</kwd><kwd>school education</kwd><kwd>Azerbaijan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вагнер, И. В., Гукаленко, О. В., Дзятковская, Е. Н., Мухаметзянов, И. Ш., &amp; Сериков, В. В. (2024). 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