The anthropological turn is considered within the conceptual framework of cultural-analytical and transdisciplinary approaches, at the specific scientific and general scientific levels of science methodology, in the diversity of its interpretations, as a phenomenon of increased ontological and epistemological complexity. The prerequisites for the anthropological turn are discussed, including historical, methodological, cognitive, socio-cultural, local and global, general scientific and specific scientific, alongside the reconstruction of latent anthropological traditions and hidden discourses. Anthropology is viewed as part of social knowledge. From the perspective of the cultural-analytical approach, it is shown that in the development of social knowledge in the history of Russian science, anthropological, humanistic, and cultural-psychological traditions were not concentrated within a particular direction but represented diffuse, dispersed, and mixed intellectual movements.In the current state of knowledge, with its tendencies of openness and mobility of disciplinary boundaries, it is more productive to orient oneself towards social knowledge as a whole when studying cultural-psychological phenomena, rather than considering the human being from the perspective of different disciplines such as sociology, political science, psychology, etc. Such a perspective allows for the discovery of hidden discourses and latent traditions that are developing in the interdisciplinary space of socio-humanitarian sciences.